Cryotherapy is a mostly destructive method and therefore biopsies tend to be less reliable but it does act through other mechanisms: direct injury: location: center of the lesion when: acts when the lesion is frozen vascular injury: location: periphery of the lesion when: acts upon thawing (reheating) of the lesion apoptosis: location: periphery of the…
Etanercept is a fusion protein consisting of two tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors linked to the Fc protein of human immunoglobulin (IgG). It works by inhibiting the pro- inflammatory action of TNF in psoriasis. Patients inject the medication subcutaneously, with dosing either at 50 mg weekly (either as a single dose or divided into two…
Systematic review of oral treatments for seborrheic dermatitis. Gupta AK, Richardson M, Paquet M. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2014 Jan;28(1):16-26. doi: 10.1111/jdv.12197. Epub 2013 Jun 26. Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a common inflammatory disorder which affects: the scalp where it creates flaking of the skin or what is known as common dandruff (Pityriasis capitis).…
Outline: Acne Vulgaris – New Insights From The Bench To The Clinic + overstimation of the risks of oral isotretinoin Recent advances in acne research have allowed a better understanding of the pathogenesis and etiological factors associated with acne: sebum overproduction by sebaceous glands is influenced by: dihydrotestosterone (DHT) Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-1 PPAR ligands…
Serum granulysin as a possible key marker of the activity of alopecia areata. Ono S, Otsuka A, Yamamoto Y, Kataoka TR, Koyanagi I, Miyachi Y, Kabashima K. J Dermatol Sci. 2014 Jan;73(1):74-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2013.08.009. Epub 2013 Sep 2. Alopecia areata (AA) is an auto-immune inflammatory dermatosis of the scalp resulting in non-scarring rounded patches of…
The matricellular protein periostin contributes to proper collagen function and is downregulated during skin aging. Egbert M1, Ruetze M2, Sattler M1, Wenck H1, Gallinat S1, Lucius R3, Weise JM4. J Dermatol Sci. 2014 Jan;73(1):40-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2013.08.010. Epub 2013 Sep 3. Skin aging can be seen: on the epidermis by changes in texture and color. in…
Subtypes 1, 2 and 3 have different upregulated genes. However there is a 20-30% overlap in the similarity of the genes being upregulated. Rosacea can be divided into two distinct forms; In the typical form, rosacea can progress from subtypes 1, 2 and 3. But not necessarily as we know that there are genetic similarities,…
Also called sexually transmitted infections or venereal diseases, these are infection which can be transmitted by sexual intercourse. Bacteria, Viruses, fungi and protozoa can cause these infections. What are the most frequent sexually transmitted diseases (STD) ? Chlamydial Infections Genital Herpes Genital warts (Condlyloma Accuminata) Gonorrhea HIV Infection/AIDS Non specific Urehtiritis (Non Gonoccacal Urethritis)…
How does one catch a sexually transmitted infection (STI)? Sexual intercourse with an individual having a STI. Transmission of body fluids (sperm, vaginal or cervical secretions): Gonorrhoea (Gonorrhea) Hepatitis B HIV (Virus of AIDS) Non Specific (Non Gonoccocal) Urethritis Close contact with an individual having a STI: Condyloma Accuminata (Genital warts) Genital Herpes Pediculosis Pubis…
The prinicpal symptoms are local itching and pain when urinating (dysuria). The following signs can be present: blistering on the genital organs genital discharge genital erosions or ulcers (painful or not) growths in the genital areas lymph node swelling rashes in the genital areas and on the rest of the body Sometimes, the infection can…
