Oral Tranexemic Acid in the treatment of Melasma (Chloasma)(Pregnancy Mask): Efficacy Therapeutical effects of tranexamic acid have been shown in anecdotal reports Goh BK and al. treated 20 patients refractory to topical treatment with small doses of tranexamic acid (250mg twice a day) for 3 to 6 months. Assessment of results was done with photos,…
Oral Tranexemic Acid in the treatment of Melasma (Chloasma) (Pregnancy Mask): An Introduction Melasma (Chloasma) (Pregnancy Mask) is a frequent cause of acquired hyperpigmentation, particularly in Asian women. Although associated with sun exposure, pregnancy, oral contraceptives and hormones replacement therapy, the physiopathology of its development remains largely unknown. Locally applied agents (topicals) are the mainstay…
The role of blood vessels in melasma (chloasma) (pregnancy mask) Melasma (chloasma)(pregnancy mask) is characterized by hyperpigmented macules which also tend to appear in hyperestrogenic hormonal states. On histology, there is an increased deposit of melanin in the epidermis. Clinically, melasma lesions are also characterized by redness and telangiectasia. This equates to an increased number…
Cosmetic Pigmentary Concerns in Singaporeans (For Professionals) differences between Asian vs European skin (a/e): avoids sunlight / loves sunlight skin type III to VI / skin type I to III post inflammatory hyperpigmentation +++ / + or – solar induced changes + / +++ Ageing: wrinkling + / +++ pigmentation +++ / + Telangiectasia +…
Skin Diseases Described By Japanese Dermatologists (For Professionals) A few conditions described (non-exhaustive): Ota – nevus of Ota (1939), nevus fusco-coerelus ophtalmomaxillaris. Ota was also a writer Ofuji eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (1970) mostly affects individuals between 20 and 30. Eosinophilic puistules on histology with blood eosinophilia 3 types: classic, immmunosuppressive (HIV), infancy-associated. Treatments: indomethacin (most…
Dermatologic Conditions in South-East Asia (For Professionals) There are only 7 derms per million people in India. Mostly in metroppolitan areas which means that in rural areas, this can go down to one dermatologist for a million people. Insurance only covers inpatient treatment, not chronic disorders. For 99% of the population, IVIG, biologics and ciclosporine…
Role Of The Dioxin Receptors (Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors (AhR)) In The Induction of The Expression of The Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) – 1 Enzyme By Tobacco Smoke Extracts (For Professionals) Two types of aging: intrinsic aging extrinsic aging: ultraviolet and tobacco smoking odds ratios for wrinkles in patients with risk factors versus no risk factor individuals…
Role Of The Microfibrills of Fibrillin In Aging (Ageing) And Photoaging (Photoageing) (Sun-induced Ageing) (For Professionals) Presentation of fibrillin is an extracellular protein is responsible as scafolding for deposition elastic fibres exists as fibrillin f1 and 2 encoded by FBN1 and 2 encoding Marfan syndrome Functions of fibrillin: strengthens elastic fibres and enables transmission of…
Solar Lentigo (For Professionals) Epidemiology Occurs mostly in Caucasians phototypes1,2 and 3 Affects worldwide 90% of humans over 70 of age. This amounts today to 600 million aged 65 and over, this will be 2 billion individuals in 2050 Psychological impact it is a marker of aging and is visible as it occurs mostly on…
What’s New In The Pathogenesis And Prevention Of Extrinsic Aging (Ageing) (Photoaging) (For Professionals) Photoaging (Extrinsic Aging, solar elastosis) Skin Aging can be Understood by considering two concepts Cumulative acute stress through chronic mechanisms: three stages degeneration of macromolecules Altered cell function Modified Structure and function of organs Mt (mitochondrial) DNA mutation: increased oxidative stress…
