Although tattoos are fairly easy to do they can be a challenge to remove. Why are lasers used for tattoo removal ? In the past tattoo removal involves tissue-destructive techniques including excision/grafting, dermabrasion, cryosurgery and electrosurgery. Although effective at removing the tissue pigments, these techniques often cause scaring, textural changes, keloids and permanent dyschromia. Lasers…
Albinism is a rare genetic condition affecting around 1 out of 17000 individuals (can vary geographically). Albinism is characterized by severe and handicapping deficits in the visual system in association with a most variable hypopigmentation phenotype: visual defects include: foveal hypoplasia, reduced pigmentation of retinal pigment epithelium cells, misrouting of the optic nerves at the…
Melasma (Chloasma, Pregnancy Mask) is a common pigmentary condition and although it occurs more often in females and that hormonal factors may play a role, it is still incompletely understood. Clinically: In the lesions, telangiectasia (dilated broken blood vessels), tend to be present and melasma lesions have more vascularization when compared with the perilesional skin.…
Up to 100 million individuals may be infected by the dengue virus each year. The virus is transmitted through arthropod bites (usually mosquitoes). Population increase makes control of mosquito population difficult as breeding sites (stagnant waters) are more numerous and less detectable (roofs…). Infection ranges from asymptomatic infection to dengue fever with/without hemorrhagic fever and…
Newer treatments against psoriasis are targeted and are called „biologics“ as a group. However biologics can be divided into two groups, based on their molecular target. The newer ones target Il-17 and include secukinumab and ustekinumab The « older » ones include etanercept, infliximab and adalimumab (which bind tumor necrosis factor (TNF)) Anti-TNF medication is known to…
